Afganistan flag Afganistan: Visió econòmica i política

El marc polític d'Afganistan

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders
Supreme Leader of the Taliban movement: HAYBATULLAH Akhundzada (since 15 August 2021)
Next Election Dates
TBD
Main Political Parties
Before the Taliban takeover, Afghanistan had a multi-party system with numerous political parties participating in the democratic process. Since coming to power in August 2021, the Taliban have established an authoritarian regime and banned all political parties, effectively eliminating political pluralism in the country.
Executive Power
After taking power in August 2021, the Taliban established a regime that severely limited democratic freedom in the country. Most countries (including the G7) do not recognize the Taliban government.
Before the takeover, the president was both chief of state and head of government.
Legislative Power
Before the Taliban takeover in August 2021, Afghanistan had a bicameral legislature known as the National Assembly, composed of two houses: the Wolesi Jirga (House of the People) and the Meshrano Jirga (House of Elders). The Wolesi Jirga was the more powerful chamber, consisting of 249 members elected by the people for five-year terms, with seats reserved for women and minority groups. The Meshrano Jirga had 102 members: one-third elected by district councils for three-year terms, one-third by provincial councils for four-year terms, and one-third appointed by the president for five-year terms, including representatives for women, the disabled, and nomadic groups. The National Assembly ceased functioning following the fall of Kabul on 15 August 2021 and was officially dissolved by the Taliban in May 2022.
 
 

Indicator of Political Freedom

Definition:

The Indicator of Political Freedom provides an annual evaluation of the state of freedom in a country as experienced by individuals. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Scores are awarded to each of these questions on a scale of 0 to 4, where a score of 0 represents the smallest degree and 4 the greatest degree of rights or liberties present. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores.

Ranking:
Not Free

Political freedom in the world (interactive map)
Source: Freedom in the World Report, Freedom House

 

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Actualitzacions: May 2025

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