El marc polític d'Albània

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders: President: Bajram BEGAJ (since 24 July 2022)
Prime Minister: Edi RAMA (since 10 September 2013)
Next Election Dates: Presidential election: 2027
Legislative: April 2026
Main Political Parties: A number of political parties operate within the country:

- Socialist Party (PS): centre left, social democracy, pro-Europeanism
- Democratic Party (PD): centre-right, conservative, it is the main opposition party
- Right 1912 (Djathtas 1912): centre-right
- Euroatlantic Democrats (DEA): centre-right, liberal
- Republican Party (PR): right, conservative
- Freedom Party (PL): social democracy
- Social Democratic Party (PSD): centre left, supports the Socialist party government
- Party for Justice, Integration and Unity (PDIU): right-wing, nationalist
- Environmentalist Agrarian Party (PAA): environmental protection and agrarian issues
- Movement for National Development (LZHK): centre-right
- Unity for Human Rights Party (PBDNJ): represents the rights and interests of minorities and marginalized groups
- Legality Movement Party (PLL): right-wing, monarchist
- Hashtag Initiative (NTH): centrist, big tent
- Opportunity Party of Albania (PM): centre-right, por-European
Executive Power: The President is the head of state and is elected by a three-fifths majority vote of all Assembly members for a 5-year term (renewable once). Although the position is largely ceremonial, the Constitution does give the President authority to appoint and dismiss some civil servants in the executive and judicial branches. The Prime Minister is the head of the government and holds the executive powers. He is nominated by the President and approved by a simple majority of all members of the Assembly. The Prime Minister proposes the Council of Ministers, who are appointed by the President after being approved by the Assembly.
Legislative Power: The legislature in Albania is unicameral. The parliament, called the Assembly (Kuvendi), consists of 140 seats, with members elected directly in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote. All members serve 4-year terms.

Indicator of Freedom of the Press

The world rankings, published annually, measures violations of press freedom worldwide. It reflects the degree of freedom enjoyed by journalists, the media and digital citizens of each country and the means used by states to respect and uphold this freedom. Finally, a note and a position are assigned to each country. To compile this index, Reporters Without Borders (RWB) prepared a questionnaire incorporating the main criteria (44 in total) to assess the situation of press freedom in a given country. This questionnaire was sent to partner organisations,150 RWB correspondents, journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists. It includes every kind of direct attacks against journalists and digital citizens (murders, imprisonment, assault, threats, etc.) or against the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and harassment etc.).

World Rank:: 83/180
Evolution:: 84/180

Indicator of Political Freedom

Definition

Definition:

The Indicator of Political Freedom provides an annual evaluation of the state of freedom in a country as experienced by individuals. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Scores are awarded to each of these questions on a scale of 0 to 4, where a score of 0 represents the smallest degree and 4 the greatest degree of rights or liberties present. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores.

Ranking:: Partly Free
Political Freedom:: 3/7
Civil Liberties:: 40/60

Political freedom in the world (interactive map)
Source: Freedom in the World Report, Freedom House

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