Albània: Visió econòmica i política
Albania’s foreign trade represents 75% of its GDP and is mostly made with Europe (World Bank, latest data available). The country mainly imports machinery, equipment and spare parts (19.7%); minerals, fuels, electricity (18.1%); food, beverages, tobacco (15.7%); construction materials and metals (14.4%); and chemical and plastic products (12.3%). Exports are led by textile and footwear (27.8%); minerals, fuels, and electricity (22.1%); construction materials and metals (21.6%); and food, beverages, and tobacco (10.6% - data Instat 2022).
Trade with EU countries represented 59% of total trade in 2022: in this period, the share of EU countries was 73.4% of total export and 51.6% of total imports. The main trade export destinations were Italy (43.2 %), Kosovo (7.8%), Germany (6.6%), Greece (5.2%) and Spain (4.8%); whereas imports came chiefly from Italy (21.7%), Turkey(12.1%), China (8.2%), Greece (7.8%), and Germany (6.2% - data Instat).
Albania's trade balance is structurally in deficit, mainly because exports are neither sufficiently diversified nor competitive in terms of price and because of the country’s narrow production base. In 2021, merchandise exports reached USD 3.5 billion (+42% y-o-y), while imports increased at a slower pace (38.5%), to reach USD 7.7 billion. However, the country is a net exporter of commercial services, which stood at USD 4 billion against USD 2 billion in imports (+65.4% and +59.1% y-o-y, respectively - data by WTO). According to data from the Institute of Statistics, Albania’s exports surged by by 32% in 2022, to ALL 486.7 billion against ALL 950.3 billion in imports (+18.7%).
Foreign Trade Values | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Imports of Goods (million USD) | 5,271 | 5,925 | 5,897 | 5,570 | 7,718 |
Exports of Goods (million USD) | 2,292 | 2,870 | 2,716 | 2,506 | 3,559 |
Imports of Services (million USD) | 1,898 | 2,193 | 2,301 | 1,254 | 1,996 |
Exports of Services (million USD) | 3,193 | 3,574 | 3,743 | 2,474 | 4,094 |
Source: World Trade Organisation (WTO) ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Indicators | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) | 78.2 | 76.8 | 76.3 | 60.0 | 74.5 |
Trade Balance (million USD) | -3,205 | -3,381 | -3,517 | -3,420 | -4,514 |
Trade Balance (Including Service) (million USD) | -1,979 | -2,070 | -2,103 | -2,210 | -2,392 |
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 8.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | -19.8 | 31.7 |
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 13.2 | 4.0 | 2.6 | -27.9 | 46.5 |
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 46.6 | 45.2 | 45.0 | 37.2 | 43.9 |
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.3 | 22.7 | 30.6 |
Source: World Bank ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Forecasts | 2022 | 2023 (e) | 2024 (e) | 2025 (e) | 2026 (e) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Volume of exports of goods and services (Annual % change) | 13.7 | -0.4 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 3.7 |
Volume of imports of goods and services (Annual % change) | 7.2 | -0.4 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 3.9 |
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook ; Latest available data
Note: (e) Estimated Data
Main Customers (% of Exports) |
2022 |
Italy | 49.5% |
Serbia | 10.2% |
Montenegro | 7.9% |
Greece | 6.8% |
North Macedonia | 5.5% |
See More Countries | 20.1% |
Main Suppliers (% of Imports) |
2022 |
Italy | 23.4% |
Türkiye | 12.0% |
Greece | 10.1% |
Serbia | 6.3% |
Germany | 4.6% |
See More Countries | 43.6% |
Source: Comtrade, 2023. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
Source: Comtrade, 2023. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
To go further, check out our service Import Export Flows.
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, 2023. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
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Actualitzacions: September 2023