Xifres de comerç exterior d'Armènia

Foreign Trade in Figures

Foreign trade in Armenia represents 120% of GDP (World Bank, latest data available), and the country follows an open and liberal policy regarding international commerce. Armenian exports of precious stones, metals, and related articles surged 2.3 times to USD 3.2 billion in 2023, becoming the largest export group. Machinery and equipment followed, growing 79.6% to USD 1.29 billion. Mineral products and ready-to-eat foods ranked third and fourth, with exports of USD 887.7 million and USD 885.1 million, respectively, reflecting declines of 13.6% and a slight increase of 0.3%. Vehicles for land, air, and water transport rounded out the top five, growing 64.9% year-on-year to USD 548.3 million (National Statistical Committee of Armenia, 2023). On the other hand, imports of machinery and equipment were the largest product group, rising 42.3% in 2023 to USD 2.46 billion. Precious and semi-precious stones, metals, and related articles followed, with a 233.0% increase to USD 2.30 billion, making it the second largest group. Vehicles for land, air, and water transport ranked third, reaching USD 1.83 billion after a 91.3% rise. Mineral product imports decreased by 6.9% to USD 1.11 billion, making it the fourth largest group. Textiles, the fifth largest, increased 63% to USD 650 million.

According to data from OEC, Armenia’s main export partners in 2023 were Russia (37.5% of the total), the United Arab Emirates (24.9%), Hong Kong (7.4%), China (4.7%), and Georgia (3.8%); whereas imports came chiefly from Russia (29.0%), China (12.1%), Vietnam (6.1%), Georgia (5.3%), and Iran (4.5%). The country has been searching for new energy sources, especially after the Russian-Georgian conflict, which temporarily disrupted its hydrocarbon supply and revealed the country's energy vulnerabilities. Tensions remain with a couple of its neighbouring countries, such as Azerbaijan and Turkey, and have an impact on trade. Armenia's closeness with Russia and its adherence to the Eurasian Economic Union limit the country's ability to further integrate with the EU.

Armenia has a structural trade deficit, estimated at 0.8% of GDP in 2023, compared to 1% one year earlier (World Bank). According to figures from the WTO, in 2023, Armenia exported goods with a total value of USD 8.4 billion (+57% year-on-year), while it imported goods worth USD 12.3 billion (an increase of 40.3%). Concerning services, the country exported USD 6.3 billion and imported USD 3.7 billion (+47.7% and +41.6% year-on-year, respectively). According to preliminary figures from the National Statistics Committee (NSC), Armenia's foreign trade in 2024 surged by 41.5% from 2023, reaching over USD 30.1 billion. Exports increased by 53.1%, amounting to over USD 13 billion, while imports reached over USD 17 billion, recording a 33.8% increase compared to 2023.