Eslovènia: Visió econòmica i política
Slovenia is highly open to foreign trade, which represents about 186% of the country's GDP (World Bank, latest data available). This high level of openness makes Slovenia very dependent on the economic health of its main commercial partners: the country is integrated within German and Austrian production chains for automobiles and electrical and electronic equipment, and in Swiss chains for the pharmaceuticals industry, and generates more than half of its goods exports from these four sectors. The largest share of total trade in 2023 was medicinal and pharmaceutical products, constituting approximately one-third (34%) of the total export value. Following closely were products in the categories of road vehicles (8.4%), electrical machinery, apparatus, and appliances (6.7%), general industrial machinery and equipment (4.1%), and petroleum, petroleum products, and related materials (3.7%). Regarding imports, organic chemicals took precedence, accounting for 19.0% of the total imports and displaying a twofold increase compared to the previous year. They were succeeded by medicinal and pharmaceutical products (14.3%), road vehicles (8.0%), petroleum, petroleum products, and related materials (6.1%), and electrical machinery, apparatus, and appliances (5.2% - data Statistics Slovenia).
Data from Statistics Slovenia show that in 2023 the main export destinations were Switzerland (27.3% of the total), Germany (13.5%), Italy (8.6%), Croatia (7.8%), and Austria (5.7%); while the country imported the most in terms of value from Switzerland (16.4%), China (13.0%), Germany (12.2%), Italy (10.3%), and Austria (7.2%). The EU accounted for 55.5% of total exports and 55.9% of imports.
Slovenia’s overall trade balance is structurally positive; however, the country is a net importer of goods: in 2022, both exports and imports of goods stood at USD 69.7 billion, while services’ exports reached USD 11.6 billion against USD 7.8 billion in imports. The latest data from Statistics Slovenia show that, in 2023, the country exported EUR 54.9 billion worth of goods (+4.4% y-o-y) while importing EUR 56.9 billion (+0.6%).
Foreign Trade Values | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 |
Imports of Goods (million USD) | 44,007 | 42,225 | 57,560 | 69,761 | 71,445 |
Exports of Goods (million USD) | 44,943 | 44,832 | 57,352 | 69,716 | 73,034 |
Imports of Services (million USD) | 6,438 | 5,801 | 7,398 | 8,016 | 8,559 |
Exports of Services (million USD) | 9,693 | 7,991 | 9,992 | 11,656 | 12,746 |
Source: World Trade Organisation (WTO) ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Indicators | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) | 161.1 | 158.8 | 146.2 | 160.9 | 179.1 |
Trade Balance (million USD) | 1,511 | 1,456 | 2,665 | 1,072 | -2,288 |
Trade Balance (Including Service) (million USD) | 4,599 | 4,707 | 4,855 | 3,666 | 1,352 |
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 7.1 | 4.7 | -9.6 | 17.6 | 9.8 |
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 6.2 | 4.5 | -8.6 | 14.5 | 6.5 |
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 76.3 | 75.1 | 68.5 | 77.3 | 88.8 |
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 84.8 | 83.7 | 77.7 | 83.6 | 90.4 |
Source: World Bank ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Forecasts | 2024 | 2025 (e) | 2026 (e) | 2027 (e) | 2028 (e) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Volume of exports of goods and services (Annual % change) | 1.7 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.6 |
Volume of imports of goods and services (Annual % change) | 4.3 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.8 |
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook ; Latest available data
Note: (e) Estimated Data
Main Customers (% of Exports) |
2023 |
Switzerland | 27.2% |
Germany | 13.5% |
Italy | 8.6% |
Croatia | 7.8% |
Austria | 5.7% |
France | 3.3% |
Serbia | 2.6% |
Poland | 2.4% |
Hungary | 2.2% |
Russia | 2.0% |
Czech Republic | 1.9% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.8% |
United States | 1.4% |
United Kingdom | 1.4% |
Netherlands | 1.4% |
Slovakia | 1.3% |
Spain | 1.3% |
Romania | 1.3% |
Denmark | 0.9% |
Türkiye | 0.8% |
See More Countries | 37.2% |
Main Suppliers (% of Imports) |
2023 |
Switzerland | 16.9% |
China | 15.7% |
Germany | 10.7% |
Italy | 9.1% |
Austria | 5.6% |
Croatia | 3.8% |
India | 3.1% |
France | 2.4% |
Hungary | 2.2% |
Poland | 2.2% |
Türkiye | 1.8% |
Saudi Arabia | 1.8% |
United States | 1.7% |
Spain | 1.6% |
Czech Republic | 1.5% |
Serbia | 1.4% |
Netherlands | 1.4% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.4% |
Belgium | 1.2% |
Slovakia | 0.9% |
See More Countries | 42.0% |
Source: Comtrade, 2024. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
Source: Comtrade, 2024. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
To go further, check out our service Import-Export Flows.
12.3 bn USD of services exported in 2023 | |
28.81% | |
28.75% | |
20.50% | |
Miscellaneous business,...Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services | 17.02% |
Research and developmentResearch and development | 3.48% |
8.95% | |
7.51% | |
2.50% | |
1.43% | |
0.95% | |
0.51% | |
0.10% |
8.4 bn USD of services imported in 2023 | |
28.06% | |
Miscellaneous business,...Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services | 27.06% |
Research and developmentResearch and development | 1.00% |
27.42% | |
20.88% | |
9.93% | |
3.36% | |
3.35% | |
2.68% | |
1.70% | |
1.66% | |
0.96% |
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, 2024. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
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Actualitzacions: May 2024
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