Estats Units: Visió econòmica i política
2021 started with a mob of pro-Trump demonstrators assaulting the U.S. Capitol in an effort to stop lawmakers from certifying the results of the 2020 presidential election, which saw the victory of Democrats’ candidate Joe Biden. The elected president was sworn in as the 46th president of the United States at the end of January together with the first female vice-president, Kamala Harris. Much of the political scene was dominated by the fight against and the recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as by the withdrawal of U.S. army from Afghanistan at the end of August, which favoured the takeover of the Taliban terrorist group. Right after, Australia’s decision (amid the so-called “Aukus” pact between Australia, the UK and the U.S.) to cancel a multi-billion dollar deal to buy French submarines, preferring American military hardware instead, resulted in a diplomatic crisis with Paris.
The Democrats Party has been losing popularity and performed poorly in the November 2021 off-year election. Mid-term elections are scheduled for November 2022: the Republicans’ control in either congressional chamber would pose a risk to the already fragile scope for Biden to pass his legislative agenda.
The world rankings, published annually, measures violations of press freedom worldwide. It reflects the degree of freedom enjoyed by journalists, the media and digital citizens of each country and the means used by states to respect and uphold this freedom. Finally, a note and a position are assigned to each country. To compile this index, Reporters Without Borders (RWB) prepared a questionnaire incorporating the main criteria (44 in total) to assess the situation of press freedom in a given country. This questionnaire was sent to partner organisations,150 RWB correspondents, journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists. It includes every kind of direct attacks against journalists and digital citizens (murders, imprisonment, assault, threats, etc.) or against the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and harassment etc.).
The Indicator of Political Freedom provides an annual evaluation of the state of freedom in a country as experienced by individuals. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Scores are awarded to each of these questions on a scale of 0 to 4, where a score of 0 represents the smallest degree and 4 the greatest degree of rights or liberties present. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores.
Political freedom in the world (interactive map)
Source: Freedom in the World Report, Freedom House
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Actualitzacions: October 2022
