Xifres de comerç exterior de Finlàndia

Foreign Trade in Figures

Finland is a highly industrialised country whose economy relies heavily on foreign trade, which represents 85% of its GDP (World Bank – latest data available). In 2023, Finland mainly exported machinery and equipment (22,1%), chemicals (20%), metal and metal products (17%), and forestry products (15.6%); importing capital goods (except transport
equipment – 23.3%), fuels and lubricants (14.6%), transport equipment (13.4%), and food and beverage (7.2% - data Finnish Customs).

In 2023, the United States became Finland's largest export partner, with cruise ship exports to the country playing a significant role. The share of total exports reached 11.1%, and export value increased by 8.3%. Sweden ranked as the second-largest export partner, despite an 8.4% decline in export value, holding a share of 10.7%. Germany followed in third place, with export value rising by 3.1%, making up 10.5% of total exports. Meanwhile, trade with Russia continued to decline, with Russia's share of total exports falling to 0.9%. On the import side, Russia's share of Finland's total imports dropped to 1.7% in 2023, with the value of imports from the country plummeting by 78.5%. Norway became the fourth-largest import partner, with a share of 7.8%. Imports from Germany decreased by 8.8%, while those from Sweden fell by 25.2%. These two countries remained the largest sources of imports, followed by China, where import value declined by 19.9% (8.9% share), and the United States, with a 1.7% decline (5.4% share- data Finnish Customs).

Finland's trade balance had traditionally been positive in the past, but its performance deteriorated in the last decade, alternating slightly positive results with negative ones. In 2023, the total export of goods (at USD 82.3 billion, -4.3% y-o-y) was equal to the total value of imports (-15.4% y-o-y); whereas exports of services stood at USD 34.3 billion (-1.2%) against almost USD 43.6 billion of import (with an annual increase of 6.2% - data by WTO). According to the latest figures from Statistics Finland, in 2024, the value of Finnish exports dropped by 5.5%, totalling EUR 72.2 billion. Export volume fell by 3.5%, while export prices declined by 1.8% compared to 2023. Imports decreased by 3.3%, with a 2.8% drop in volume and a 0.6% decline in prices, standing at EUR 74.3 billion.