Gabon: Visió econòmica i política
Foreign trade account for 70% of the country's GDP (World Bank, 2020). Customs duties are relatively high and some other non-tariff barriers also exist, aiming to protect the local industries. Gabon mainly exports mineral fuels and oils, manganese ores, wood products and ferro-alloys; and mainly imports machinery, boats, electrical machinery, meat and other food products, vehicles, cereals, mineral fuels, iron, plastics, and pharmaceutical products (ITC, 2020).
Gabon's main trading partners are China, the United States, Ireland, the Republic of Korea and the Netherlands (UNCTAD, 2020). France, Belgium and China are Gabon’s main suppliers (France Ministry of Economy). Gabon is a member of the CEMAC (Monetary and Economic Community of Central Africa), which through the Monetary Union of Central Africa provides its six members with a common currency, the CFA franc, which is pegged to the euro. The country is also a member of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), but the economic integration of the group's eleven member states is far from being complete. Gabon has also signed the African Continental Free Trade Agreement.
Gabon’s trade balance is structurally in surplus, thanks to the revenues generated by oil exports. In 2020, total exports of goods amounted to USD 4.9 billion while total imports reached USD 2.94 billion, resulting in a comfortable trade surplus. On the side of service, in 2016, Gabon’s service export amounted to 357 million USD while its services import cost 1.79 billion USD (WTO).
Foreign Trade Values | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Imports of Goods (million USD) | 3,012 | 3,082 | 3,140 | 2,937 | 3,444 |
Exports of Goods (million USD) | 5,678 | 6,504 | 6,620 | 4,903 | 5,962 |
Imports of Services (million USD) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Exports of Services (million USD) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Source: World Trade Organisation (WTO) ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Indicators | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) | 75.1 | 77.0 | 73.4 | 70.1 | 72.6 |
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | -7.3 | 51.2 | 25.5 | -6.0 | 4.3 |
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 3.9 | 1.4 | 14.0 | 10.0 | -1.0 |
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 24.8 | 22.7 | 22.0 | 22.6 | 16.8 |
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 50.2 | 54.3 | 51.4 | 47.5 | 55.8 |
Source: World Bank ; Latest available data
Foreign Trade Forecasts | 2022 | 2023 (e) | 2024 (e) | 2025 (e) | 2026 (e) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Volume of exports of goods and services (Annual % change) | -12.6 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.3 |
Volume of imports of goods and services (Annual % change) | 0.8 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook ; Latest available data
Note: (e) Estimated Data
To go further, check out our service Import Export Flows.
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, 2023. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.
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Actualitzacions: January 2023