Indonèsia: Invertir a Indonèsia
According to UNCTAD's World Investment Report 2023, FDI flows to Indonesia totalled USD 21.9 billion in 2022, up by 4% compared to the previous year, making the country the seventeenth-largest recipient worldwide. In the same year, the total stock of FDI was estimated at USD 262.9 billion, around 19.9% of Indonesia’s GDP. According to data from the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board, in 2023, Indonesia attracted a total of USD 47.34 billion in FDI (excluding investment in financial and oil and gas sectors), marking a notable 13.7% increase compared to the previous year. The base metal industry emerged as the top recipient, securing USD 11.8 billion, while mining ranked fourth with USD 4.7 billion. Additionally, sectors such as warehousing, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, and pulp and paper also experienced significant FDI inflows. Singapore, China, and Hong Kong stood out as the primary sources of FDI for Indonesia during the same period.
Indonesia's youth demographics, strong domestic demand, stable politics, rich natural resources, and sound macroeconomic policies make it an attractive destination for foreign direct investment. FDI flows to Indonesia have been growing and their base expanded due to resilient economic growth, low public debt and prudent fiscal management. FDI growth is attributed to a series of economic policy packages that have been implemented by the Indonesian government over the last years, mainly focusing on deregulation, law enforcement and business certainty, interest rate tax cuts for exporters, energy tariffs cuts for labour-intensive industries, tax incentives for investment in special economic zones and lowered tax rates on property acquired by local real estate investment trusts. Moreover, Indonesia lowered the minimum equity requirement for foreign investors and abolished the approval requirement for several business transactions involving foreign investors. On the other hand, foreign investors encounter a challenging investment climate in Indonesia due to various factors including restrictive regulations, legal and regulatory uncertainty, economic nationalism, trade protectionism, and vested interests. These obstacles pose significant barriers to investment, impacting the ease of doing business and potentially deterring foreign capital inflows. Indonesia ranks 61st among the 132 economies on the Global Innovation Index 2023 and 53rd out of 184 countries on the 2023 Index of Economic Freedom.
Foreign Direct Investment | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
FDI Inward Flow (million USD) | 18,591 | 21,131 | 21,968 |
FDI Stock (million USD) | 240,564 | 259,697 | 262,920 |
Number of Greenfield Investments* | 64 | 73 | 96 |
Value of Greenfield Investments (million USD) | 20,300 | 8,248 | 15,016 |
Source: UNCTAD, Latest available data
Note: * Greenfield Investments are a form of Foreign Direct Investment where a parent company starts a new venture in a foreign country by constructing new operational facilities from the ground up.
Country Comparison For the Protection of Investors | Indonesia | East Asia & Pacific | United States | Germany |
Index of Transaction Transparency* | 10.0 | 5.9 | 7.0 | 5.0 |
Index of Manager’s Responsibility** | 5.0 | 5.2 | 9.0 | 5.0 |
Index of Shareholders’ Power*** | 2.0 | 6.7 | 9.0 | 5.0 |
Source: Doing Business, Latest available data
Note: *The Greater the Index, the More Transparent the Conditions of Transactions. **The Greater the Index, the More the Manager is Personally Responsible. *** The Greater the Index, the Easier it Will Be For Shareholders to Take Legal Action.
Advantages for FDI in Indonesia:
Disadvantages for FDI in Indonesia:
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Actualitzacions: November 2024