El marc polític de Jordània

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders: King: ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999)
Prime Minister: Jafar HASSAN (since 15 September 2024)
Next Election Dates: House of Representatives: September 2028
Senate: October 2028
Main Political Parties: Jordan remains a monarchy, with the King holding significant executive powers. Political parties were legalized in 1992, but their influence has been limited.

In the 2024 parliamentary elections, the Islamic Action Front (IAF), the political arm of the Muslim Brotherhood, secured 31 out of 138 seats, marking their highest representation in decades. The 2024 elections saw 107 seats held by political parties, a significant increase from previous elections.

Despite this, tribal and familial networks continue to strongly influence Jordanian politics.

Major Political Parties:

- IAF: 31 seats, Islamist policies

- National Current Party: 21 seats, nationalist

- Eradah Party: 19 seats, reformist

- Taqadum Party: 8 seats, economic development

While party representation has grown, tribal influences remain key in shaping political outcomes.
Executive Power: The head of state in Jordan is the King, and the monarchy is hereditary. The King enjoys executive powers and signs and executes all laws. He appoints and dismisses all judges by decree, approves amendments to the constitution, and has the right to declare war. The King appoints the Prime Minister as head of government, although the Prime Minister does not have a fixed term of office. The Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister, is appointed by the King.
Legislative Power: The legislature in Jordan is bicameral. Its Parliament consists of:

- The Senate, with 65 members, who are appointed by the King to serve non-renewable terms.

- The House of Representatives, with 130 members, elected by popular vote based on a mixed-member proportional representation system, to serve four-year terms.

The King’s power of veto may be overridden by a two-thirds vote of both houses of the National Assembly (the Senate and the House of Representatives).

Indicator of Freedom of the Press

The world rankings, published annually, measures violations of press freedom worldwide. It reflects the degree of freedom enjoyed by journalists, the media and digital citizens of each country and the means used by states to respect and uphold this freedom. Finally, a note and a position are assigned to each country. To compile this index, Reporters Without Borders (RWB) prepared a questionnaire incorporating the main criteria (44 in total) to assess the situation of press freedom in a given country. This questionnaire was sent to partner organisations,150 RWB correspondents, journalists, researchers, jurists and human rights activists. It includes every kind of direct attacks against journalists and digital citizens (murders, imprisonment, assault, threats, etc.) or against the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and harassment etc.).

World Rank:: 129/180

Indicator of Political Freedom

Definition

Definition:

The Indicator of Political Freedom provides an annual evaluation of the state of freedom in a country as experienced by individuals. The survey measures freedom according to two broad categories: political rights and civil liberties. The ratings process is based on a checklist of 10 political rights questions (on Electoral Process, Political Pluralism and Participation, Functioning of Government) and 15 civil liberties questions (on Freedom of Expression, Belief, Associational and Organizational Rights, Rule of Law, Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights). Scores are awarded to each of these questions on a scale of 0 to 4, where a score of 0 represents the smallest degree and 4 the greatest degree of rights or liberties present. The total score awarded to the political rights and civil liberties checklist determines the political rights and civil liberties rating. Each rating of 1 through 7, with 1 representing the highest and 7 the lowest level of freedom, corresponds to a range of total scores.

Ranking:: Not Free
Political Freedom:: 6/7

Political freedom in the world (interactive map)
Source: Freedom in the World Report, Freedom House

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