Niger is open to foreign trade, which represented 39% of the country's GDP in 2022 (World Bank). The country aims to implement the trade policy of the WAEMU and is integrated into the generalized system of preferences (GSP) of the EU. Customs duties are not very high. Production costs, limited credit facilities and import-export activities through the informal sector have limited the development of international trade. The country mainly exports petroleum products (28.8% of total exports), gold (16.7%), vegetables (3.0%), followed by live animals, palm oil, vehicles and machinery. The main imported products include rice (14.4% of total imports), weapons parts and accessories (9%), aircraft parts (6.4%), helicopters and aeroplanes (3.7%), followed by iron and petroleum products, cement and palm oil. (Comtrade, 2022)
Niger's main customers are France (33.2% of total exports), Mali (18.7%), Nigeria (16%), the United Arab Emirates (8.9%), and South Africa (7.0%). Its main suppliers are China (23.9% of total imports), France (21%), India (10.3%), Nigeria (7.7%) and Germany (5.1%). (Comtrade, 2022).
Niger's trade balance is in deficit. In 2021, the trade balance deficit reached USD 1.6 billion (World Bank, latest data available). In 2022, Niger exported USD 1.256 billion in goods, and imported USD 3.802 billion. Exports of services reached USD 295 million while imports amounted to USD 1.242 billion (WTO). Trade deficit is expected to shrink owing to the increase in oil exports and the recovery in gold and uranium sales, combined with lower global food prices (Coface).
Foreign Trade Indicators | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Imports of Goods (million USD) | 2,875 | 2,931 | 3,109 | 3,557 | 3,802 |
Exports of Goods (million USD) | 1,202 | 1,126 | 1,116 | 1,212 | 1,256 |
Imports of Services (million USD) | 1,086 | 1,069 | 1,076 | 1,208 | 1,242 |
Exports of Services (million USD) | 247 | 261 | 222 | 279 | 295 |
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 9 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 5 |
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | -4 | 1 | -6 | 7 | -0 |
Trade Balance (million USD) | -1,079 | -1,200 | -1,351 | -1,611 | n/a |
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) | 38 | 38 | 36 | 38 | 39 |
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 29 |
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 12 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Source: WTO – World Trade Organisation ; World Bank - Latest available data.
Main Customers (% of Exports) |
2022 |
---|---|
France | 33.2% |
Mali | 18.7% |
Nigeria | 16.0% |
United Arab Emirates | 8.9% |
South Africa | 7.0% |
See More Countries | 16.2% |
Main Suppliers (% of Imports) |
2022 |
---|---|
China | 23.9% |
France | 21.0% |
India | 10.3% |
Nigeria | 7.7% |
Germany | 5.1% |
See More Countries | 32.1% |
Source: Comtrade, Latest Available Data
Source: Comtrade, Latest Available Data
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0.3 bn USD of services exported in 2021 | |
---|---|
48.30% | |
Business travelBusiness travel | 30.61% |
Personal travelPersonal travel | 17.69% |
17.26% | |
11.17% | |
10.13% | |
6.71% | |
3.96% | |
2.37% | |
0.07% | |
0.01% |
1.2 bn USD of services imported in 2021 | |
---|---|
65.44% | |
9.88% | |
9.57% | |
8.98% | |
Personal travelPersonal travel | 5.52% |
Business travelBusiness travel | 3.46% |
3.56% | |
1.12% | |
1.04% | |
0.40% | |
0.02% |
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, Latest Available Data
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Latest Update: December 2023