Xifres de comerç exterior de Perú

Foreign Trade in Figures

Peru is a member of the WTO and very open to international trade, which represents 51% of GDP. The country mainly exports copper ores and concentrates (37.5% of total exports in 2023), gold (13.5%), petroleum gas (3.5%), zinc (3.4%), grapes (2.7%), and blueberries (2.6); while its main imports are fuels (17.6%), machinery and equipment (15.5%), transport vehicles (7.4%), cars (3.6%), and poultry (3.5%). In 2023, 45,863 companies were directly involved in the foreign trade of goods and the number of exporters reached a record high, at 9,331 (Mincetur).

In 2023, the country's main export partners were China (36% of the total), the USA (14%), the EU (11%), Canada (5%), and India (4%). The Asian continent accounted for more than half of the export value (51%), followed by America with 33% and Europe with 15%. On the other hand, imports came chiefly from China (25.9%), the United States (21%), the EU (8.9%), Brazil (7.1%), Argentina (5%), Canada (2.3%), and Mexico (3.4% - data Mincetur). Nearly 90% of Peru's exports are covered by Free Trade Agreements currently in force, which enables Peruvian products to enter, subject to the rules of origin of each trade agreement, under preferential conditions to 53 countries, including Canada, Chile, China, the member countries of the European Union, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and the United States, among others. The country is seeking to position itself as a regional hub for trade between Latin America and the APEC countries (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation).

Peru has a structurally positive trade balance. In 2023, exports of goods contracted to USD 60.7 billion (-3.4% y-o-y), but imports decreased at a faster pace (-14.2% y-o-y) and stood at USD 52.3 billion. According to the WTO, imports of services in 2023 totalled USD 13.5 billion, while exports stood at USD 5.7 billion. In the same year, the overall trade balance was positive by 3.3% of GDP (from 0.6% one year earlier – data World Bank). According to preliminary figures from the Central Bank, in 2024, Peru achieved a trade surplus of USD 23.82 billion, surpassing the USD 17.67 billion recorded in 2023 and reaching a figure 3.5 times higher than the pre-pandemic level of USD 6.87 billion in 2019. The country's exports grew by 12.4% compared to 2023, totalling USD 75.91 billion. Meanwhile, imports reached USD 52.09 billion, marking a 4.5% increase from the previous year.