El marc polític de Tanzània

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders

President: Samia Suluhu HASSAN (since 19 March 2021)
Vice President: Mwigulu Nchemba (since 13 November 2025)

Next Election Dates

General election: 2030

Main Political Parties

The main parties represented in the Parliament are:

- Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Party of the Revolution): African nationalism, social democracy, dominant ruling party holding the vast majority of seats
- Party for Democracy and Progress (Chadema): centre-right, main opposition party
- Alliance for Change and Transparency (ACT–Wazalendo): left-wing, third-largest party, strong in Zanzibar
- Civic United Front (CUF): centre, liberal, influence reduced after internal conflicts.

Executive Power

Executive power is exercised by the government. The President of Tanzania is both chief of state and head of the executive power. The President is elected in a national election every five years in which they must win more than 50% of the votes. The Cabinet consists of the President, the Prime Minister, the Vice-President and ministers appointed by the President among National Assembly members. The President also has the right to nominate 10 non-elected members of Parliament, who are eligible to become cabinet members.

Legislative Power

Legislative power is vested in the Parliament; however, the President exercises the authority to assent to bills in order to complete the enactment process before they become law. The National Assembly and the President make up the Parliament. The National Assembly, or Bunge, is formed of 393 members who serve a 5-year term: 264 elected from single-member districts by first-past-the-post, 113 elected from women-only lists by party-list proportional representation, 5 elected indirectly by the Zanzibar House of Representatives, Attorney General and 10 members appointed by the President. The National Assembly deals with both Union and non-Union matters that are not in the scope of the Zanzibar Government. The Zanzibar House of Representatives is the unicameral legislature of the islands of Zanzibar.