El marc polític de Turquia

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders

President and head of government: Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (since 28 August 2014)

Next Election Dates

Presidential: 2028
Legislative: May 2028

Main Political Parties

The main political parties represented in the Turkish parliament are:

- Justice and Development Party (AKP): centre-right, primary leading party, socially conservative
- Republican People’s Party (CHP): centre-left, primary opposition party based on social-republican values
- Labour and Freedom Alliance: left-wing electoral alliance, formed by Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party (DEM), Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP), Workers' Party of Turkey (TİP), Labour Party (EMEP), Labourist Movement Party (EHP), Social Freedom Party (TÖP) and Federation of Socialist Assemblies (SMF)
- New Path (NP): centre-right to right-wing, political alliance between the Felicity Party (SP), Democracy and Progress Party (DEVA) and the Future Party (GP)
- Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party (DEM): pro-Kurdish, left-libertarian, formerly known as Party of the Greens and the Left Future
- Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP): pro-minority, left-wing, socialist and democratic
- Nationalist Movement Party (MHP): nationalist party, allied with the AKP
- The Good Party (IYI): nationalist, conservative, Kemalist
- New Welfare Party (YRP): far-right, conservative, Islamist
- Workers' Party of Turkey (TIP): socialist, left to far-left.

Executive Power

The President of Turkey serves as both the head of state and head of government, elected by direct universal suffrage for a five-year term. The President acts as an arbitrator by promulgating laws and signing decrees, while also appointing the Council of Ministers, judicial authorities, and other governmental bodies. The office of Prime Minister was abolished after the constitutional referendum in April 2017.

Legislative Power

Legislative power in Turkey is unicameral. The Parliament, called the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, has 600 seats and its members are elected by universal suffrage for five years, according to a system of proportional representation.